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Juniper JN0-281 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic
Details

Topic 1

Layer 2 Switching and VLANs: This section of the exam measuresthe skills of a Network Support Engineer and covers the essential concepts of Layer 2 switching operations within Junos OS. It includes an overview of Ethernet switching and bridging, providing an understanding of how Layer 2 networks function. The section also introduces VLAN concepts, focusing on port modes, VLAN tagging methods, and the purpose of Integrated Routing and Bridging (IRB). It further explores the practical side by addressing how to configure, monitor, and troubleshoot both Layer 2 switching and VLANs.

Topic 2

Data Center Routing Protocols BGP
OSPF: This section of the exam measures skills of a Network Operations Specialist and covers the operation and key concepts of the OSPF protocol. It explains elements such as the link-state database, OSPF packet types, and router IDs, including how adjacencies and designated routers work within areas. The section then transitions to BGP, outlining its basic operations, message types, attributes, and the path selection process. It also discusses both IBGP and EBGP roles. Lastly, the section reviews how to configure, monitor, and troubleshoot OSPF and BGP using routing policies and various tools.

Topic 3

Data Center Architectures: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Data Center Architect and covers foundational knowledge about various data center designs. It includes traditional multitier architectures as well as more modern IP fabric architectures using spine-leaf topologies. The section also touches on Layer 2 and Layer 3 strategies for forwarding traffic, the differences between overlay and underlay networks, and introduces Ethernet VPN–Virtual Extensible LAN (EVPN-VXLAN), explaining its basic purpose and role in data center environments.

Topic 4

High Availability: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Data Center Reliability Engineer and covers strategies to ensure continuous network availability. It includes features like Link Aggregation Groups (LAG), Graceful Restart (GR), Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD), and Virtual Chassis. It also provides a basic understanding of how to configure, monitor, and troubleshoot each of these high-availability components to maintain resilient network performance.

Topic 5

Protocol-Independent Routing: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Routing Engineer and covers routing features that function independently of any specific protocol. It includes static, aggregate, and generated routes, along with the concept of martian addresses. Routing instances and Routing Information Base (RIB) groups are introduced, as well as techniques like load balancing and filter-based forwarding. Configuration, monitoring, and troubleshooting aspects of these routing components are also covered in this section.

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Juniper Data Center, Associate (JNCIA-DC) Sample Questions (Q64-Q69):

NEW QUESTION # 64
Which OSPF router type connects an OSPF area to non-OSPF networks?

A. Area Border Router (ABR)
B. Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR)
C. Internal Router
D. Backbone Router

Answer: B

NEW QUESTION # 65
EVPN/VXLAN is primarily used in modern data centers to:

A. Enhance the physical security of the data center.
B. Provide Layer 2 connectivity over a Layer 3 network.
C. Replace traditional routing protocols.
D. Increase the physical distance between data centers.

Answer: B

NEW QUESTION # 66
Which two statements are true about how switches handle Layer 2 traffic? (Choose two.)

A. The MAC address is learned based on the source MAC address.
B. The MAC address is learned based on the destination MAC address.
C. Traffic is forwarded based on the source MAC address.
D. Traffic is forwarded based on the destination MAC address.

Answer: A,D

Explanation:
In Layer 2 switching, switches learn MAC addresses based on the source MAC address of incoming frames and forward frames based on the destination MAC address.
Step-by-Step Breakdown:
MAC Learning:
When a switch receives a frame, it records the source MAC address and the port on which it arrived.
This allows the switch to know where to send traffic destined for that MAC address.
Forwarding Based on Destination:
The switch then looks at the destination MAC address and forwards the frame out of the port associated with that MAC address. If the MAC is unknown, the switch floods the frame to all ports. Juniper Reference: Layer 2 Switching: Juniper switches use source MAC addresses to build MAC tables and forward traffic based on the destination MAC address.

NEW QUESTION # 67
Which of the following are true regarding port modes in a VLAN setup? (Choose two)

A. An access port can carry traffic for multiple VLANs.
B. A trunk port can carry traffic for multiple VLANs.
C. A trunk port is used exclusively for inter-switch links.
D. An access port carries traffic only for a single VLAN.

Answer: B,D

NEW QUESTION # 68
When troubleshooting an OSPF neighborship, you notice that the router stopped at the ExStart state. What is the cause of this result?

A. The priority is set to 255.
B. There is an interval timing mismatch.
C. There is an MTU mismatch.
D. There is an area ID mismatch.

Answer: C

Explanation:
When an OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) neighborship is stuck in the ExStart state, it usually points to a mismatch in Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) settings between two routers trying to establish the adjacency. The ExStart state is where OSPF routers negotiate the master-slave relationship and exchange DBD (Database Description) packets.
Step-by-Step Breakdown:
OSPF Neighbor States: OSPF goes through several states to establish an adjacency with a neighbor:
Down: No hello packets have been received.
Init: Hello packets are received, but bidirectional communication isn't confirmed.
2-Way: Bidirectional communication is established.
ExStart: The routers are negotiating who will be the master and who will be the slave, and begin to exchange DBD packets.
Exchange: The routers start exchanging the database information.
Loading: The routers process the Link-State Advertisements (LSAs).
Full: The adjacency is fully established.
MTU Mismatch Issue:
During the ExStart state, both OSPF routers must agree on their MTU values. If there is an MTU mismatch between the two routers, OSPF neighbors will fail to move from the ExStart to the Exchange state. The router with the larger MTU setting will not accept DBD packets from the router with a smaller MTU because the packets may exceed the smaller MTU size.
In Juniper devices, this behavior can be identified by examining the MTU settings using the show interfaces command and ensuring both routers have matching MTU configurations. To resolve this issue, either match the MTU settings on both routers or configure OSPF to ignore MTU mismatches using the command set protocols ospf ignore-mtu.
Juniper Reference:
Junos Command: show ospf neighbor helps diagnose neighbor states.
MTU Adjustment: set interfaces <interface-name> mtu <size> can be used to set the MTU values correctly.

NEW QUESTION # 69
......

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